Commonwealth: Intellectual Property Laws Amendment (Raising the Bar) Act 2012 (Cth)

Intellectual Property Laws Amendment (Raising the Bar) Act 2012 No. 35, 2012 as amended Compilation start date: 15 April 2013 Includes amendments up to: Act No. 31, 2014 About this compilation This compilation This is a compilation of the Intellectual Property Laws Amendment (Raising the Bar) Act 2012 as in force on 15 April 2013. It includes any commenced amendment affecting the legislation to that date. This compilation was prepared on 3 June 2014. The notes at the end of this compilation (the endnotes) include information about amending laws and the amendment history of each amended provision. Uncommenced amendments The effect of uncommenced amendments is not reflected in the text of the compiled law but the text of the amendments is included in the endnotes. Application, saving and transitional provisions for provisions and amendments If the operation of a provision or amendment is affected by an application, saving or transitional provision that is not included in this compilation, details are included in the endnotes. Modifications If a provision of the compiled law is affected by a modification that is in force, details are included in the endnotes. Provisions ceasing to have effect If a provision of the compiled law has expired or otherwise ceased to have effect in accordance with a provision of the law, details are included in the endnotes. Contents 1 Short title 2 Commencement 3 Schedule(s) Schedule 1—Raising the quality of granted patents Part 1—Main amendments Patents Act 1990 Part 2—Balance of probabilities test Patents Act 1990 Part 3—Application, savings and transitional provisions Schedule 2—Free access to patented inventions for regulatory approvals and research Part 1—Amendment Patents Act 1990 Part 2—Application of amendment Schedule 3—Reducing delays in resolution of patent and trade mark applications Part 1—Amendments Patents Act 1990 Trade Marks Act 1995 Part 2—Application and transitional provisions Schedule 4—Assisting the operations of the IP profession Patents Act 1990 Trade Marks Act 1995 Schedule 5—Improving mechanisms for trade mark and copyright enforcement Part 1—Customs seizure Copyright Act 1968 Trade Marks Act 1995 Part 2—Trade Mark offences Trade Marks Act 1995 Part 3—Relief for infringement of trade marks Trade Marks Act 1995 Schedule 6—Simplifying the IP system Part 1—Amendments Designs Act 2003 Patents Act 1990 Plant Breeder's Rights Act 1994 Trade Marks Act 1995 Part 2—Application and savings provisions Endnotes Endnote 1—About the endnotes Endnote 2—Abbreviation key Endnote 3—Legislation history Endnote 4—Amendment history Endnote 5—Uncommenced amendments [none] Endnote 6—Modifications [none] Endnote 7—Misdescribed amendments [none] Endnote 8—Miscellaneous [none] An Act to amend legislation relating to intellectual property, and for related purposes 1 Short title This Act may be cited as the Intellectual Property Laws Amendment (Raising the Bar) Act 2012. 2 Commencement (1) Each provision of this Act specified in column 1 of the table commences, or is taken to have commenced, in accordance with column 2 of the table. Any other statement in column 2 has effect according to its terms. Commencement information Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Provision(s) Commencement Date/Details 1. Sections 1 to 3 and anything in this Act not elsewhere covered by this table The day this Act receives the Royal Assent. 15 April 2012 2. Schedule 1 The day after the end of the period of 12 months beginning on the day this Act receives the Royal Assent. 15 April 2013 3. Schedule 2 The day after this Act receives the Royal Assent. 16 April 2012 4. Schedules 3 to 5 The day after the end of the period of 12 months beginning on the day this Act receives the Royal Assent. 15 April 2013 5. Schedule 6, items 1 to 86 The day after the end of the period of 12 months beginning on the day this Act receives the Royal Assent. 15 April 2013 6. Schedule 6, item 87 The day after this Act receives the Royal Assent. 16 April 2012 7. Schedule 6, items 88 to 134 The day after the end of the period of 12 months beginning on the day this Act receives the Royal Assent. 15 April 2013 Note: This table relates only to the provisions of this Act as originally enacted. It will not be amended to deal with any later amendments of this Act. (2) Any information in column 3 of the table is not part of this Act. Information may be inserted in this column, or information in it may be edited, in any published version of this Act. 3 Schedule(s) Each Act that is specified in a Schedule to this Act is amended or repealed as set out in the applicable items in the Schedule concerned, and any other item in a Schedule to this Act has effect according to its terms. Schedule 1—Raising the quality of granted patents Part 1—Main amendments Patents Act 1990 1 Section 3 (in the list of definitions) Insert "preliminary search and opinion". 2 Subsection 7(2) Omit "in the patent area", substitute "(whether in or out of the patent area)". Note: The heading to section 7 is altered by omitting "and inventive step" and substituting ", inventive step and innovative step". 3 Subsection 7(3) Repeal the subsection, substitute: (3) The information for the purposes of subsection (2) is: (a) any single piece of prior art information; or (b) a combination of any 2 or more pieces of prior art information that the skilled person mentioned in subsection (2) could, before the priority date of the relevant claim, be reasonably expected to have combined. 4 Subsection 7(4) Omit "in the patent area", substitute "(whether in or out of the patent area)". 5 Section 7 (note 2) Omit "subsection 98(1)", substitute "section 98". 6 After section 7 Insert: 7A Meaning of useful (1) For the purposes of this Act, an invention is taken not to be useful unless a specific, substantial and credible use for the invention (so far as claimed) is disclosed in the complete specification. (2) The disclosure in the complete specification must be sufficient for that specific, substantial and credible use to be appreciated by a person skilled in the relevant art. (3) Subsection (1) does not otherwise affect the meaning of the word useful in this Act. 7 Subsection 40(1) Repeal the subsection, substitute: Requirements relating to provisional specifications (1) A provisional specification must disclose the invention in a manner which is clear enough and complete enough for the invention to be performed by a person skilled in the relevant art. 8 Paragraph 40(2)(a) Repeal the paragraph, substitute: (a) disclose the invention in a manner which is clear enough and complete enough for the invention to be performed by a person skilled in the relevant art; and (aa) disclose the best method known to the applicant of performing the invention; and 9 Subsection 40(3) Omit "fairly based on the matter described", substitute "supported by matter disclosed". 10 Subsection 43(2) Repeal the subsection, substitute: (2) The priority date of a claim is: (a) if subsection (2A) applies to the claim—the date determined under the regulations; or (b) otherwise—the date of the filing of the specification. (2A) This subsection applies to a claim if: (a) prescribed circumstances apply in relation to the invention defined in the claim; and (b) a prescribed document discloses the invention in the claim in a manner that is clear enough and complete enough for the invention to be performed by a person skilled in the relevant art. 11 Before Division 1 of Part 2 of Chapter 3 Insert: Division 1A—Preliminary search and opinion 43A Preliminary search and opinion (1) If a complete application for a standard patent has been made, the Commissioner may conduct a preliminary search and opinion in relation to the patent request and specification relating to the application. (2) The preliminary search and opinion must be conducted in accordance with the regulations. 12 Paragraphs 45(1)(a), (b) and (c) Repeal the paragraphs, substitute: (a) whether the specification complies with subsections 40(2) to (4); and (b) whether, to the best of his or her knowledge, the invention, so far as claimed, satisfies the criteria mentioned in paragraphs 18(1)(a), (b) and (c); and (c) whether the invention is a patentable invention under subsection 18(2); and 13 Subsection 45(1A) Repeal the subsection. 14 Subsection 49(1) Repeal the subsection, substitute: (1) Subject to section 50, the Commissioner must accept a patent request and complete specification relating to an application for a standard patent if the Commissioner is satisfied, on the balance of probabilities: (a) that the specification complies with subsections 40(2) to (4); and (b) that the invention, so far as claimed, satisfies the criteria mentioned in paragraphs 18(1)(a), (b) and (c); and (c) that the invention is a patentable invention under subsection 18(2); and (d) as to the matters (if any) prescribed under paragraph 45(1)(d). 15 After subsection 60(3) Insert: (3A) If the Commissioner is satisfied, on the balance of probabilities, that a ground of opposition to the grant of the standard patent exists, the Commissioner may refuse the application. (3B) The Commissioner must not refuse an application under this section unless the Commissioner has, where appropriate, given the applicant a reasonable opportunity to amend the relevant specification for the purpose of removing any ground of opposition and the applicant has failed to do so. 16 After subsection 97(3) Insert: (3A) The re‑examination must be carried out in accordance with the regulations. 17 Section 98 Repeal the section, substitute: 98 Report on re‑examination On re‑examining a complete specification, the Commissioner must ascertain and report on: (a) whether the specification does not comply with subsection 40(2) or (3); and (b) whether, to the best of his or her knowledge, the invention, so far as claimed, does not satisfy the criteria mentioned in paragraph 18(1)(a), (b) or (c); and (c) whether the invention is not a patentable invention under subsection 18(2). 18 Subsection 100A(1) Repeal the subsection, substitute: (1) The Commissioner may refuse to grant a patent if the Commissioner: (a) makes an adverse report on a re‑examination of the relevant specification under subsection 97(1); and (b) is satisfied, on the balance of probabilities, that there is a lawful ground of objection to the specification. 19 Subsection 101(1) Repeal the subsection, substitute: (1) The Commissioner may, by notice in writing, revoke a patent, either wholly or so far as it relates to a particular claim, if the Commissioner: (a) makes an adverse report on a re‑examination of the relevant specification under subsection 97(2); and (b) is satisfied, on the balance of probabilities, that there is a lawful ground of objection to the relevant specification. 20 Section 101B Repeal the section, substitute: 101B Examination of an innovation patent What the Commissioner must do in examining a patent (1) If the Commissioner decides, or is asked, to examine an innovation patent under section 101A, the Commissioner must: (a) examine the complete specification relating to the patent to ascertain the matters set out in subsection (2); and (b) report on those matters. Matters for examination and report (2) The matters in this subsection are whether: (a) the specification complies with subsections 40(2) to (4); and (b) the invention, so far as claimed, complies with paragraphs 18(1A)(a), (b) and (c); and (c) the invention is a patentable invention under subsections 18(2) and (3); and (d) the use of the invention would not be contrary to law; and (e) the patent does not claim as an invention a substance that is capable of being used as food or medicine (whether for human beings or animals and whether for internal or external use) and is a mere mixture of known ingredients; and (f) the patent does not claim as an invention a process producing such a substance by mere admixture; and (g) the patent does not contain a claim that includes the name of a person as the name, or part of the name, of the invention so far as it is claimed in that claim; and (h) the patent does not claim an invention that is the same as an invention that is the subject of a patent and is made by the same inventor, where the relevant claim or claims in respect of each patent have the same priority date or dates; and (i) the complete specification complies with such other matters (if any) as are prescribed for the purpose of this paragraph. 21 Section 101E Repeal the section, substitute: 101E Certificate of examination (1) This section applies to an innovation patent if: (a) after examining the patent under section 101B, the Commissioner decides in writing that he or she is satisfied, on the balance of probabilities, as to the following: (i) the specification complies with subsections 40(2) to (4); (ii) the invention, so far as claimed, complies with paragraphs 18(1A)(a), (b) and (c); (iii) the invention is a patentable invention under subsections 18(2) and (3); (iv) the use of the invention would not be contrary to law; (v) the patent does not claim as an invention a substance that is capable of being used as food or medicine (whether for human beings or animals and whether for internal or external use) and is a mere mixture of known ingredients; (vi) the patent does not claim as an invention a process producing such a substance by mere admixture; (vii) the patent does not contain a claim that includes the name of a person as the name, or part of the name, of the invention so far as it is claimed in that claim; (viii) the patent does not claim an invention that is the same as an invention that is the subject of a patent and is made by the same inventor, where the relevant claim or claims in respect of each patent have the same priority date or dates; (ix) the complete specification complies with such other matters (if any) as are prescribed for the purpose of paragraph 101B(2)(i); (b) the patent has not ceased under section 143A. (2) If this section applies, the Commissioner must: (a) notify the patentee and the person who requested the examination (if that person is not the patentee) that the patent has been examined and that a certificate of examination is to be issued; and (b) publish a notice of the examination having occurred in the Official Journal; and (c) issue a certificate of examination to the patentee in the approved form; and (d) register the issue of the certificate. (3) A decision under subsection (1) is not a legislative instrument. 22 Subsection 101F(1) Repeal the subsection, substitute: (1) The Commissioner must revoke a patent if: (a) the patent has been examined under section 101B; and (b) section 101E does not apply to the patent; and (c) the patent has not ceased under section 143A. 23 After subsection 101G(1) Insert: (1A) The re‑examination must be carried out in accordance with the regulations. 24 Subsection 101G(3) Repeal the subsection, substitute: (3) The grounds for the revocation of the patent under subsection (2) are as follows: (a) that the specification filed in respect of the complete application does not comply with subsection 40(2) or (3); (b) that the invention, so far as claimed, does not comply with paragraph 18(1A)(a), (b) or (c); (c) that the invention is not a patentable invention under subsection 18(2) or (3). 25 Subsection 101G(5) Repeal the subsection. 26 Subsection 101J(1) Repeal the subsection, substitute: (1) The Commissioner may, by notice in writing, revoke a patent, either wholly or so far as it relates to a particular claim, if the Commissioner: (a) makes an adverse report on a re‑examination of the relevant specification under section 101G; and (b) is satisfied, on the balance of probabilities, that there is a ground of revocation of the patent. 27 Section 101M Repeal the section, substitute: 101M Opposition to innovation patent The Minister, or any other person, may, in accordance with the regulations, oppose an innovation patent that has been certified and seek the revocation of it, on one or more of the following grounds of invalidity, but on no other: (a) that the patentee is either: (i) not entitled to the patent; or (ii) entitled to the patent but only in conjunction with some other person; (b) that the complete specification does not comply with subsection 40(2) or (3); (c) that the invention is not a patentable invention because it does not comply with paragraph 18(1A)(a), (b) or (c); (d) that the invention is not a patentable invention under subsection 18(2) or (3). 28 Subsection 101N(4) After "satisfied", insert ", on the balance of probabilities,". 29 Subsection 102(1) Repeal the subsection, substitute: Amendment of complete specification not allowable if amended specification claims or discloses matter extending beyond that disclosed in certain documents (1) An amendment of a complete specification is not allowable if, as a result of the amendment, the specification would claim or disclose matter that extends beyond that disclosed in the following documents taken together: (a) the complete specification as filed; (b) other prescribed documents (if any). 30 Paragraph 102(2A)(b) Omit "decisions under paragraphs 101E(a) and (aa)", substitute "a decision under paragraph 101E(1)(a)". 31 Before subsection 102(3) Insert: Amendments of a kind prescribed by regulations not allowable (2D) An amendment of a patent request or a complete specification is not allowable if it is of a kind prescribed by regulations made for the purposes of this section. 32 Subsection 102(3) Repeal the subsection, substitute: Section does not apply in certain cases (3) This section does not apply to an amendment for the purposes of: (a) correcting a clerical error or an obvious mistake made in, or in relation to, a complete specification; or (b) complying with paragraph 6(c) (about deposit requirements). 33 Section 114 Repeal the section, substitute: 114 Priority date of claims of certain amended specifications (1) This section applies if: (a) a complete specification has been amended; and (b) the amendment was not allowable under subsection 102(1); and (c) as a result of the amendment, a claim of the amended specification claims an invention that: (i) was not disclosed by the complete specification as filed in a manner that was clear enough and complete enough for the invention to be performed by a person skilled in the relevant art; but (ii) is disclosed in that manner by the amended specification. (2) If this section applies, the priority date of the claim must be determined under the regulations. 34 Paragraph 114A(1)(b) Repeal the paragraph, substitute: (b) the amendment was not allowable under subsection 102(1); and (ba) as a result of the amendment, a claim of the amended specification claims an invention that was not disclosed by the original specification as filed in a manner that was clear enough and complete enough for the invention to be performed by a person skilled in the relevant art; and Note: The heading to section 114A is altered by omitting "claims" and substituting "specifications". 35 Paragraph 143A(c) Omit "decisions under paragraphs 101E(a) and (aa)", substitute "a decision under paragraph 101E(1)(a)". 36 Before paragraph 228(2)(a) Insert: (aa) making provision for and in relation to: (i) the procedures for conducting a preliminary search and opinion in relation to a patent request and complete specification; and (ii) the reports to be made in relation to the preliminary search and opinion; and 37 Schedule 1 Insert: preliminary search and opinion, in relation to a patent request and complete specification relating to an application for a standard patent, means search and opinion under section 43A. 38 Schedule 1 (definition of certified) Omit "101E(e)", substitute "101E(2)(c)". Part 2—Balance of probabilities test Patents Act 1990 39 Paragraph 10(1)(c) After "is satisfied", insert ", on the balance of probabilities,". 40 Paragraph 35(1)(b) After "satisfied", insert ", on the balance of probabilities". 41 Paragraph 36(1)(c) After "is satisfied", insert "on the balance of probabilities,". 42 Subsection 52(2) After "satisfied", insert ", on the balance of probabilities,". 43 Subsection 74(1) After "is satisfied", insert ", on the balance of probabilities,". 44 Subsection 74(3) After "not satisfied", insert ", on the balance of probabilities,". 45 Subsection 103(2) After "if satisfied", insert "on the balance of probabilities". 46 Paragraph 106(1)(b) After "is satisfied", insert ", on the balance of probabilities,". 47 Subsection 106(4) After "is satisfied", insert ", on the balance of probabilities,". 48 Paragraph 107(1)(b) After "is satisfied", insert ", on the balance of probabilities,". 49 Subsection 107(4) After "is satisfied", insert ", on the balance of probabilities,". 50 Subsection 150(2) After "if satisfied", insert ", on the balance of probabilities,". 51 Subsection 151(2) After "if satisfied", insert ", on the balance of probabilities,". 52 Subsection 215(3) After "is satisfied", insert ", on the balance of probabilities,". 53 Paragraph 223(2A)(b) After "is satisfied", insert ", on the balance of probabilities,". 54 Subsection 223(6A) After "is satisfied", insert ", on the balance of probabilities,". Part 3—Application, savings and transitional provisions 55 Application of amendments (1) The amendments made by items 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9 and 10 of this Schedule apply in relation to: (a) patents for which the complete application is made on or after the day this Schedule commences; and (b) standard patents for which the application had been made before the day this Schedule commences, if the applicant had not asked for an examination of the patent request and specification for the application under section 44 of the Patents Act 1990 before that day; and (c) innovation patents granted on or after the day this Schedule commences, if the complete application to which the patent relates had been made before that day; and (d) complete patent applications made on or after the day this Schedule commences; and (e) complete applications for standard patents made before the day this Schedule commences, if the applicant had not asked for an examination of the patent request and specification for the application under section 44 of the Patents Act 1990 before that day; and (f) complete applications for innovation patents made before the day this Schedule commences, if a patent had not been granted in relation to the application on or before that day; and (g) innovation patents granted before the day this Schedule commences, if: (i) the Commissioner had not decided to examine the complete specification relating to the patent under section 101A of the Patents Act 1990 before that day; and (ii) the patentee or any other person had not asked the Commissioner to examine the complete specification relating to the patent under section 101A of the Patents Act 1990 before that day. (2) The amendment made by item 7 of this Schedule applies in relation to provisional applications made on or after the day this Schedule commences. (3) The amendments made by items 11 and 37 of this Schedule apply in relation to complete applications for standard patents made on or after the day this Schedule commences. (4) The amendments made by items 12, 13, 14, 15 and 18 of this Schedule apply in relation to: (a) complete applications for standard patents made on or after the day this Schedule commences; and (b) complete applications for standard patents made before the day this Schedule commences, if the applicant had not asked for an examination of the patent request and specification for the application under section 44 of the Patents Act 1990 before that day. (5) The amendments made by items 16 and 17 of this Schedule apply in relation to: (a) applications for standard patents, whether the application was made before, on or after the day this Schedule commences; and (b) standard patents, whether granted before, on or after that day. (6) The amendment made by item 19 of this Schedule applies in relation to: (a) standard patents for which the complete application is made on or after the day this Schedule commences; and (b) standard patents for which the complete application had been made before the day this Schedule commences, if the applicant had not asked for an examination of the patent request and specification for the application under section 44 of the Patents Act 1990 before that day. (7) The amendments made by items 23, 24 and 25 of this Schedule apply in relation to innovation patents, whether granted before, on or after the day this Schedule commences. (8) The amendments made by items 20, 21, 22, 26, 27, 28, 30, 35 and 38 of this Schedule apply in relation to: (a) complete applications for innovation patents made on or after the day this Schedule commences; and (b) complete applications for innovation patents made before the day this Schedule commences, if a patent had not been granted in relation to the application on or before that day; and (c) innovation patents granted before the day this Schedule commences, if: (i) the Commissioner had not decided to examine the complete specification relating to the patent under section 101A of the Patents Act 1990 before that day; and (ii) the patentee or any other person had not asked the Commissioner to examine the complete specification relating to the patent under section 101A of the Patents Act 1990 before that day; and (d) innovation patents granted on complete applications for innovation patents made on or after the day this Schedule commences; and (e) innovation patents granted on or after the day this Schedule commences, if the complete application to which the patent relates had been made before that day. (9) The amendments made by items 29 and 31 to 34 of this Schedule apply in relation to amendments of complete specifications directed or requested to be made on or after the day this Schedule commences if the amendments are in relation to: (a) patents for which the complete application is made on or after the day this Schedule commences; or (b) standard patents for which the application had been made before the day this Schedule commences, if the applicant had not asked for an examination of the patent request and specification for the application under section 44 of the Patents Act 1990 before that day; or (c) innovation patents granted on or after the day this Schedule commences, if the complete application to which the patent relates had been made before that day; or (d) complete patent applications made on or after the day this Schedule commences; or (e) complete applications for standard patents made before the day this Schedule commences, if the applicant had not asked for an examination of the patent request and specification for the application under section 44 of the Patents Act 1990 before that day; or (f) complete applications for innovation patents made before the day this Schedule commences, if a patent had not been granted in relation to the application on or before that day; or (g) innovation patents granted before the day this Schedule commences, if: (i) the Commissioner had not decided to examine the complete specification relating to the patent under section 101A of the Patents Act 1990 before that day; or (ii) the patentee or any other person had not asked the Commissioner to examine the complete specification relating to the patent under section 101A of the Patents Act 1990 before that day. (10) The amendments made by items 39, 41, 45, 48, 49 and 50 of this Schedule apply in relation to: (a) complete applications for standard patents made on or after the day this Schedule commences; and (b) complete applications for standard patents made before the day this Schedule commences, if the applicant had not asked for an examination of the patent request and specification for the application under section 44 of the Patents Act 1990 before that day. (11) The amendments made by item 40, 43, 44, 46, 47 and 52 apply in relation to patents granted on or after the day this Schedule commences. (12) The amendment made by item 42 of this Schedule applies in relation to: (a) complete applications for innovation patents made on or after the day this Schedule commences; and (b) complete applications for innovation patents made before the day this Schedule commences, if a patent had not been granted in relation to the application on or before that day; and (c) innovation patents granted before the day this Schedule commences, if: (i) the Commissioner had not decided to examine the complete specification relating to the patent under section 101A of the Patents Act 1990 before that day; and (ii) the patentee or any other person had not asked the Commissioner to examine the complete specification relating to the patent under section 101A of the Patents Act 1990 before that day. (13) The amendments made by items 51 and 54 of this Schedule apply in relation to applications made on or after the day this Schedule commences. (14) The amendment made by item 53 applies in relation to acts required to be done on or after the day this Schedule commences. 56 Transitional provision—approved form (1) This item applies to an approval of a form given by the Commissioner under paragraph 101E(e) of the Patents Act 1990 that was in force immediately before the commencement of this Schedule. (2) The approval has effect, after the commencement of this Schedule, as if it had been given under paragraph 101E(2)(c) as inserted by this Schedule. Schedule 2—Free access to patented inventions for regulatory approvals and research Part 1—Amendment Patents Act 1990 1 After section 119A Insert: 119B Infringement exemptions: acts for obtaining regulatory approval (non‑pharmaceuticals) (1) A person may, without infringing a patent, do an act that would infringe the patent apart from this subsection, if the act is done solely for: (a) purposes connected with obtaining an approval required by a law of the Commonwealth or of a State or Territory to exploit a product, method or process; or (b) purposes connected with obtaining a similar approval under a law of another country or region. (2) This section does not apply in relation to a pharmaceutical patent within the meaning of subsection 119A(3). 119C Infringement exemptions: acts for experimental purposes (1) A person may, without infringing a patent for an invention, do an act that would infringe the patent apart from this subsection, if the act is done for experimental purposes relating to the subject matter of the invention. (2) For the purposes of this section, experimental purposes relating to the subject matter of the invention include, but are not limited to, the following: (a) determining the properties of the invention; (b) determining the scope of a claim relating to the invention; (c) improving or modifying the invention; (d) determining the validity of the patent or of a claim relating to the invention; (e) determining whether the patent for the invention would be, or has been, infringed by the doing of an act. Part 2—Application of amendment 2 Application The amendment made by item 1 of this Schedule applies in relation to acts done on or after the commencement of this Schedule in relation to patents granted before, on or after that commencement. Schedule 3—Reducing delays in resolution of patent and trade mark applications Part 1—Amendments Patents Act 1990 1 Subsection 26(2) After "112", insert "or 112A". 2 Subsection 61(1) After "100A", insert "and paragraph 210A(2)(a)". 3 Section 79B Repeal the section, substitute: 79B Divisional applications prior to grant of patent (1) If: (a) a complete application (the first application) for a patent is made; and (b) the first application is not a divisional application for an innovation patent provided for in section 79C; the applicant may make a further complete application for a patent for an invention disclosed in the specification filed in relation to the first application. (2) The further complete application: (a) must be made in accordance with the regulations made for the purposes of this subsection; and (b) must include the prescribed particulars. (3) The further complete application can only be made during the period: (a) starting on the day the first application is made; and (b) ending when any of the following happens: (i) the first application lapses; (ii) the first application is refused; (iii) the first application is withdrawn; (iv) a period prescribed by the regulations for the purposes of this subparagraph ends. (4) In this section: applicant has the same meaning as in section 38. 4 Subsection 79C(1) Omit ", in accordance with the regulations, ". 5 After subsection 79C(1) Insert: (1A) The further complete application: (a) must be made in accordance with the regulations made for the purposes of this subsection; and (b) must include the prescribed particulars. 6 After subsection 105(1) Insert: Order for amendment during an appeal (1A) If an appeal is made to the Federal Court against a decision or direction of the Commissioner in relation to a patent application, the Federal Court may, on the application of the applicant for the patent, by order direct the amendment of the patent request or the complete specification in the manner specified in the order. Note: The following heading to subsection 105(1) is inserted "Order for amendment during relevant proceedings". 7 Subsection 105(2) After "order", insert "under subsection (1) or (1A)". Note: The following heading to subsection 105(2) is inserted "Orders for amendment generally". 8 Subsection 105(3) Omit "patentee", substitute "applicant for an order under subsection (1) or (1A)". 9 Subsection 105(5) Omit "patentee", substitute "applicant". 10 After section 112 Insert: 112A Decisions on appeal A complete specification relating to a patent application must not be amended, except under section 105, if: (a) an appeal against a decision or direction of the Commissioner has been made to the Federal Court in relation to the specification; and (b) the appeal, and any proceedings resulting from it, have not been finally determined, withdrawn or otherwise disposed of. 11 Subsection 141(1) Repeal the subsection, substitute: (1) A patent application, other than a PCT application, may be withdrawn if all of the following conditions are met: (a) the applicant lodges a written notice of withdrawal signed by the applicant; (b) if the application has been opposed under section 59—the Commissioner has consented to the withdrawal; (c) if the regulations prescribe a period within which an application must not be withdrawn—the withdrawal will not occur within the prescribed period. 12 Sections 179 to 181 Repeal the sections. 13 Section 210 Before "The", insert "(1)". 14 At the end of section 210 Add: Exercise of power to summon witnesses (2) The Commissioner must not summon a witness under paragraph (1)(a) unless: (a) the Commissioner is satisfied, on the balance of probabilities, of the following matters: (i) the witness has a substantial interest in the proceedings before the Commissioner; (ii) the witness is likely to provide oral evidence of substantial relevance to a matter before the Commissioner; (iii) receiving oral evidence from the witness is necessary or desirable in all the circumstances; and (b) the Commissioner notifies the witness of the actions the Commissioner may take under section 210A if the witness fails or refuses to comply with the summons. (3) The Commissioner may summon a witness under paragraph (1)(a) whether the witness is in or out of the patent area. Exercise of power to require production of document or article (4) The Commissioner must not require a person to produce a document or article under paragraph (1)(c) unless: (a) the Commissioner is satisfied, on the balance of probabilities, of the following matters: (i) the person has a substantial interest in the proceedings before the Commissioner; (ii) the document or article is likely to be of substantial relevance to a matter before the Commissioner; and (b) the Commissioner notifies the person of the actions the Commissioner may take under section 210A if the person fails or refuses to comply with the requirement. (5) The Commissioner may require a person to produce a document or article under paragraph (1)(c) whether the person is in or out of the patent area. Exercise of powers in relation to bodies corporate (6) The Commissioner's powers in subsection (1) to make a requirement of a person extend, if the person is a body corporate, to making that requirement of any person who is an officer, agent or employee of the body corporate. Note: The following heading to subsection 210(1) is inserted "Commissioner's powers". 15 After section 210 Insert: 210A Sanctions for non‑compliance with Commissioner's requirements (1) The Commissioner may take one or more of the actions listed in subsection (2) in relation to a person if: (a) the Commissioner summons the person to appear as a witness under paragraph 210(1)(a) or requires the person to produce a document or article under paragraph 210(1)(c); and (b) the person refuses or fails to comply with the summons or requirement; and (c) the Commissioner is satisfied, on the balance of probabilities, that it is appropriate in the circumstances to take the action. (2) The actions the Commissioner may take are: (a) if the person is an applicant for a patent—a refusal to grant the patent (see subsection 61(1); and (b) the drawing of an inference unfavourable to the person's interest in proceedings before the Commissioner; and (c) actions of a kind that are prescribed by the regulations. (3) In deciding whether it is appropriate to take the action, the Commissioner must consider the following: (a) whether the person has a reasonable excuse for refusing or failing to comply with the summons or requirement; (b) whether the person has been offered payment of reasonable expenses associated with complying with the summons or requirement; (c) any other matter the Commissioner considers to be relevant. 16 Subsection 224(1) Before "142(2)(b)", insert "141(1)(b) or". Trade Marks Act 1995 17 Paragraph 11(1)(a) Omit "section 37", substitute "sections 37 and 54A". 18 Subsections 52(2) and (3) Repeal the subsections, substitute: (2) The notice of opposition must be filed: (a) in the manner and form prescribed by the regulations; and (b) within the prescribed period, or within that period as extended in accordance with the regulations or in accordance with subsection (5). (3) Regulations made for the purposes of paragraph (2)(a) or (b) may make different provision with respect to different components (if any) of the notice of opposition. (3A) Subsection (3) does not limit subsection 33(3A) of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901. Note: The heading to section 37 is altered by adding at the end "if not accepted in time". 19 After section 52 Insert: 52A Notice of intention to defend opposition to registration (1) If a notice of opposition is filed in accordance with section 52, the applicant may file a notice of intention to defend the application for registration of a trade mark. Note: Failure to file a notice of intention will result in the application lapsing: see section 54A. (2) The notice must be filed in the prescribed manner and within the prescribed period, or within that period as extended by the Registrar in accordance with the regulations. 20 At the end of section 54 Add: (3) Without limiting subsection (2), the regulations may prescribe the circumstances in which the Registrar may dismiss the opposition. 21 After section 54 Insert: 54A Lapsing of opposed application if no notice to defend the application filed (1) Subject to subsection (2), an application lapses if: (a) a notice of opposition to the registration of the trade mark is filed (see subsection 52(1)); and (b) the applicant does not file an intention to defend the application for registration of the trade mark in the prescribed manner or within the prescribed period, or that period as extended (see section 52A). (2) If, after the prescribed period has expired, the Registrar extends the period within which the notice to defend the application may be filed (see section 52A), the application: (a) is taken not to have lapsed when the prescribed period expired; and (b) lapses if the notice to defend the application is not filed within the extended period. 22 Subsection 55(1) Omit "Unless the proceedings are discontinued or dismissed", substitute "Unless subsection (3) applies to the proceedings". 23 At the end of section 55 Add: (3) This subsection applies to the proceedings if: (a) the proceedings are discontinued; or (b) the proceedings are dismissed; or (c) the application lapses because of the operation of section 54A (about lapsing of applications if a notice to defend the application is not filed). 24 Section 66 Before "The", insert "(1)". 25 At the end of section 66 Add: (2) Subsection (1) does not apply to a notice of opposition filed by an opponent in relation to: (a) an opposition to the registration of a trade mark under section 52; or (b) an opposition to an application under section 92. Note: Regulations made for the purposes of subsection 231(3) may make provision in relation to amendment of documents filed in relation to an opposition. 26 Subparagraph 68(1)(b)(iii) After "section 222", insert "or the regulations (if any) made for the purposes of subsection 54(2)". 27 At the end of subsection 68(1) Add: Note: Applications may also lapse if an application for registration is opposed and a notice to defend the application is not filed: see section 54A. 28 Section 96 Repeal the section, substitute: 96 Notice of opposition Applications to Registrar (1) Any person may oppose an application under subsection 92(1) by filing a notice of opposition with the Registrar. (2) The notice of opposition under subsection (1) must be filed: (a) in the manner and form prescribed by the regulations; and (b) within the prescribed period. (3) Regulations made for the purposes of paragraph (2)(a) or (b) may make different provision with respect to different components (if any) of the notice of opposition. (4) Subsection (3) does not limit subsection 33(3A) of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901. Applications to prescribed court (5) Any person may oppose an application under subsection 92(3) by filing a notice of opposition with the court. (6) A notice of opposition under subsection (5): (a) must be in a form approved by the court; and (b) must be filed in accordance with the rules of court. 29 Subsection 97(1) Repeal the subsection, substitute: (1) If: (a) there is no opposition to an application to the Registrar under subsection 92(1); or (b) an opposition to an application under that subsection has been dismissed (see section 99A); the Registrar must remove the trade mark from the Register in respect of the goods and/or services specified in the application. Note: The heading to section 97 is altered by adding at the end "etc.". 30 After section 99 Insert: 99A Dismissal of opposition filed with Registrar (1) The Registrar may, in prescribed circumstances, dismiss an opposition filed with the Registrar in accordance with subsection 96(1). (2) An application may be made to the Administrative Appeals Tribunal for the review of a decision of the Registrar to dismiss an opposition under subsection (1). 31 At the end of section 231 Add: (3) Without limiting subsection (1), the regulations may prescribe matters relating to oppositions under sections 52 and 92, including the following: (a) rules about filing and serving documents in relation to an opposition; (b) rules about the amendment of documents filed in relation to an opposition; (c) the circumstances in which the Registrar may dismiss an opposition; (d) provision for review by the Administrative Appeals Tribunal of decisions of the Registrar made under the regulations. Part 2—Application and transitional provisions 32 Application of amendments (1) The amendments made by items 1 and 10 of this Schedule apply in relation to: (a) requests for amendments made on or after the day this Schedule commences; and (b) requests for amendments made before that day, if the Commissioner had not dealt with the request on or before that day. (2) The amendments made by items 2, 13, 14 and 15 of this Schedule apply in relation to powers exercised by the Commissioner under section 210 of the Patents Act 1990 (as amended by this Schedule) on or after the day this Schedule commences. (3) The amendment made by item 3 of this Schedule applies in relation to divisional applications provided for in section 79B of the Patents Act 1990 made on or after the day this Schedule commences. (4) The amendments made by items 4 and 5 of this Schedule apply in relation to divisional applications provided for in section 79C of the Patents Act 1990 made on or after the day this Schedule commences. (5) The amendments made by items 6, 7, 8 and 9 of this Schedule apply in relation to appeals to the Federal Court: (a) made on or after the day this Schedule commences; and (b) made before that day, if the appeal had not been finally determined, withdrawn or otherwise disposed of. (6) The amendments made by items 11 and 16 of this Schedule apply in relation to notices of withdrawal filed on or after the day this Schedule commences in respect of patent applications made before, on or after that day. (7) The amendments made by items 17 to 31 of this Schedule apply in relation to opposition proceedings commenced by notices of opposition filed on or after the day this Schedule commences. 33 Transitional provision—regulations Despite the amendment made by item 11 of this Schedule, regulations in force for the purposes of section 141 of the Patents Act 1990 immediately before the commencement of this Schedule continue in effect, after that commencement, as if they had been made for the purposes of that section, as in force after that commencement. Schedule 4—Assisting the operations of the IP profession Patents Act 1990 1 Section 3 (list of definitions) Insert "company". 2 Section 3 (list of definitions) Insert "director". 3 Section 3 (list of definitions) Insert "incorporated legal practice". 4 Section 3 (list of definitions) Insert "incorporated patent attorney". 5 Section 3 (list of definitions) Insert "intellectual property advice". 6 Section 3 (list of definitions) Insert "patent attorney director". 7 Section 3 (list of definitions) Insert "patents work". 8 Section 3 (list of definitions) Insert "related company group". 9 Section 132 Omit "his or her", substitute "a". 10 Subsection 177(1) (penalty) Repeal the penalty, substitute: Penalty: 30 penalty units. 11 Subsection 178(1) (penalty) Repeal the penalty, substitute: Penalty: 60 penalty units. 12 Subsection 178(2) (penalty) Repeal the penalty, substitute: Penalty: 60 penalty units. 13 Subsection 182(1) (penalty) Repeal the penalty, substitute: Penalty: 60 penalty units. 14 Section 183 Before "The", insert "(1)". 15 At the end of section 183 Add: (2) The Designated Manager may disclose to the Australian Securities and Investments Commission information (including personal information within the meaning of the Privacy Act 1988) that is: (a) relevant to the functions of the Commission; and (b) obtained by the Designated Manager as a result of the performance of functions and duties, or the exercise of powers, in relation to incorporated patent attorneys. 16 Subsection 198(4) Omit "a person", substitute "an individual". Note: The following heading to subsection 198(4) is inserted "Registration of individuals". 17 After paragraph 198(4)(f) Insert: ; and (g) meets any other requirements prescribed by the regulations. 18 Subsection 198(4) Omit "person's", substitute "individual's". 19 Subsection 198(7) Omit "a person", substitute "an individual". 20 Subsection 198(7) Omit "the person" (wherever occurring), substitute "the individual". 21 At the end of section 198 Add: Registration of companies (9) The Designated Manager must register as a patent attorney a company that: (a) has at least one patent attorney director; and (b) has given the Designated Manager written notice in the approved form of its intention to act as a patent attorney; and (c) meets the requirements (if any) prescribed by the regulations. The registration is to consist of entering the company's name in the Register of Patent Attorneys. (10) A company registered as a patent attorney is an incorporated patent attorney. (11) A patent attorney director of a company is an individual who is both: (a) a registered patent attorney; and (b) a validly appointed director of the company. 22 Subsection 200(2) Repeal the subsection, substitute: (2) A communication made for the dominant purpose of a registered patent attorney providing intellectual property advice to a client is privileged in the same way, and to the same extent, as a communication made for the dominant purpose of a legal practitioner providing legal advice to a client. (2A) A record or document made for the dominant purpose of a registered patent attorney providing intellectual property advice to a client is privileged in the same way, and to the same extent, as a record or document made for the dominant purpose of a legal practitioner providing legal advice to a client. (2B) A reference in subsection (2) or (2A) to a registered patent attorney includes a reference to an individual authorised to do patents work under a law of another country or region, to the extent to which the individual is authorised to provide intellectual property advice of the kind provided. (2C) Intellectual property advice means advice in relation to: (a) patents; or (b) trade marks; or (c) designs; or (d) plant breeder's rights; or (e) any related matters. 23 Subsection 200(4) Repeal the subsection. 24 Section 201 Repeal the section, substitute: 201 Acting or holding out without being registered Individuals (1) An individual commits an offence if: (a) the individual carries on business, practises or acts as a patent attorney; and (b) the individual is not a registered patent attorney or a legal practitioner. Penalty: 30 penalty units. (2) An individual commits an offence if: (a) the individual describes himself or herself, or holds himself or herself out, or permits himself or herself to be described or held out, as a patent attorney or agent for obtaining patents; and (b) the individual is not a registered patent attorney. Penalty: 30 penalty units. Partnerships (3) A member of a partnership commits an offence if: (a) the member carries on business, practises or acts as a patent attorney; and (b) none of the members of the partnership is a registered patent attorney or a legal practitioner. Penalty: 30 penalty units. (4) A member of a partnership commits an offence if: (a) the member describes the partnership, or holds the partnership out, or permits the partnership to be described or held out, as a patent attorney, or agent for obtaining patents; and (b) none of the members of the partnership is a registered patent attorney. Penalty: 30 penalty units. Companies (5) A company commits an offence if: (a) the company carries on business, practises or acts as a patent attorney; and (b) the company is not a registered patent attorney or incorporated legal practice. Penalty: 150 penalty units. (6) A company commits an offence if: (a) the company describes itself, or holds itself out, or permits itself to be described or held out, as a patent attorney, or agent for obtaining patents; and (b) the company is not a registered patent attorney. Penalty: 150 penalty units. Exception—legal representatives (7) Subsections (1), (3) and (5) do not apply in relation to the business of a registered patent attorney who is deceased if the business: (a) is carried on, within 3 years of the death of the patent attorney, or such further time allowed by a prescribed court, by the legal representative of the deceased registered patent attorney; and (b) is managed by a registered patent attorney on behalf of the legal representative. Note: The defendant bears an evidential burden in relation to the matters in subsection (7). See subsection 13.3(3) of the Criminal Code. Exception—employees (8) Subsections (1) and (2) do not apply in relation to anything done by a person, as an employee, for: (a) his or her employer; or (b) if the person's employer is a member of a related company group—another member of the group. Note: The defendant bears an evidential burden in relation to the matters in subsection (8). See subsection 13.3(3) of the Criminal Code. Exception—related company groups (9) Subsections (5) and (6) do not apply in relation to anything done by a member of a related company group for another member of the group. Note: The defendant bears an evidential burden in relation to the matter in subsection (9). See subsection 13.3(3) of the Criminal Code. Whether a company is related to another company (10) For the purposes of this section, the question of whether a company is related to another company is to be determined in the same manner as that question is determined under the Corporations Act 2001. 201A When a person carries on business, practises or acts as a patent attorney (1) For the purposes of section 201, a person is taken to carry on business, practise or act as a patent attorney if, and only if, the person does, or undertakes to do, patents work in Australia. (2) Patents work means one or more of the following done, on behalf of someone else, for gain: (a) applying for or obtaining patents in Australia or anywhere else; (b) preparing specifications or other documents for the purposes of this Act or the patent law of another country; (c) giving advice (other than advice of a scientific or technical nature) about the validity, or infringement, of patents. 201B Incorporated patent attorney must have a patent attorney director Offence—failing to notify lack of patent attorney director (1) An incorporated patent attorney commits an offence if the incorporated patent attorney: (a) does not have a patent attorney director; and (b) does not notify the Designated Manager of that within 7 days. Penalty: 150 penalty units. Offence—acting after 7 days without patent attorney director (2) An incorporated patent attorney commits an offence if the incorporated patent attorney: (a) does not have a patent attorney director; and (b) has not had a patent attorney director during the previous 7 days; and (c) carries on business, practises or acts as a patent attorney. Penalty: 150 penalty units. Designated Manager may appoint a registered patent attorney (3) If an incorporated patent attorney does not have a patent attorney director, the Designated Manager may, by writing, appoint another registered patent attorney to take charge of the patents work of the incorporated patent attorney. (4) The appointment may be made only with the consent of the other registered patent attorney. Effect of appointment (5) A registered patent attorney holding an appointment under subsection (3) (the appointed attorney) is taken, for the purposes of this Act, to be a patent attorney director of the incorporated patent attorney. (6) However, for the purposes of the Corporations Act 2001: (a) the appointed attorney is not a director of the incorporated patent attorney only because: (i) the appointed attorney takes charge of the patents work of the incorporated patent attorney; and (ii) the appointed attorney is taken, for the purposes of this Act, to be a patent attorney director of the incorporated patent attorney; and (b) the Designated Manager is not a director of the incorporated patent attorney only because the Designated Manager appointed the appointed attorney. Designated Manager may remove incorporated patent attorney from Register (7) If an incorporated patent attorney does not have a patent attorney director, the Designated Manager may remove the incorporated patent attorney from the Register. 25 Section 202 (penalty) Repeal the penalty, substitute: Penalty: 30 penalty units. 26 After section 202A Insert: 202B Documents prepared by incorporated patent attorneys and incorporated legal practices An incorporated patent attorney or an incorporated legal practice commits an offence if: (a) an employee or member of the incorporated patent attorney or incorporated legal practice prepares a specification, or a document relating to an amendment of a specification; and (b) the employee or member is not a registered patent attorney; and (c) the specification or document is not prepared: (i) under the instructions or supervision of an individual who is a registered patent attorney; or (ii) as directed by an order under section 105. Penalty: 150 penalty units. 27 Section 203 Repeal the section, substitute: 203 Attendance at patent attorney's office A registered patent attorney commits an offence if: (a) the registered patent attorney practises, acts, or holds himself, herself or itself out as practising or acting, as a patent attorney, at an office or place of business where specifications or other documents are prepared for the purposes of this Act; and (b) there is not an individual who is a registered patent attorney: (i) in regular attendance at that office or place; and (ii) in continuous charge of the patents work done at that office or place. Penalty: 30 penalty units. 28 After subparagraph 228(2)(r)(i) Insert: (ia) assessing the professional conduct of registered patent attorneys by reference to standards of practice established by the Professional Standards Board from time to time; 29 Schedule 1 Insert: company means a company registered under the Corporations Act 2001. 30 Schedule 1 Insert: director of a company has the same meaning as in the Corporations Act 2001. 31 Schedule 1 Insert: incorporated legal practice means a body corporate recognised under a law of the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory as an incorporated legal practice (however described). 32 Schedule 1 Insert: incorporated patent attorney has the meaning given by subsection 198(10). 33 Schedule 1 Insert: intellectual property advice has the meaning given by subsection 200(2C). 34 Schedule 1 Insert: patent attorney director has the meaning given by subsection 198(11). 35 Schedule 1 Insert: patents work has the meaning given by subsection 201A(2). 36 Schedule 1 Insert: related company group means a group of 2 or more companies, where each member of the group is related to each other member of the group. Trade Marks Act 1995 37 Readers guide (list of terms defined in section 6) Insert the following terms in their appropriate alphabetical positions: "company" "Designated Manager" "incorporated legal practice" "incorporated trade marks attorney" "intellectual property advice" "Professional Standards Board" "trade marks attorney director" "trade marks work". 38 Subsection 6(1) Insert: company means a company registered under the Corporations Act 2001. 39 Subsection 6(1) Insert: Designated Manager has the same meaning as in the Patents Act 1990. 40 Subsection 6(1) Insert: incorporated legal practice means a body corporate recognised under a law of the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory as an incorporated legal practice (however described). 41 Subsection 6(1) Insert: incorporated trade marks attorney has the meaning given by subsection 228A(6B). 42 Subsection 6(1) Insert: intellectual property advice has the meaning given by subsection 229(3). 43 Subsection 6(1) Insert: Professional Standards Board has the same meaning as in the Patents Act 1990. 44 Subsection 6(1) Insert: trade marks attorney director has the meaning given by subsection 228A(6C). 45 Subsection 6(1) Insert: trade marks work has the meaning given by subsection 157A(8). 46 Subsections 156(1) to (3) Repeal the subsections, substitute: Individuals (1) An individual commits an offence if: (a) the individual describes himself or herself, or holds himself or herself out, or permits himself or herself to be described or held out, as a trade marks attorney; and (b) the individual is not a registered trade marks attorney. Penalty: 30 penalty units. Note 1: The Reader's Guide gives information about penalties (see the paragraphs under the subheading Crimes Act 1914). Note 2: For registered trade marks attorney see section 6. (2) An individual commits an offence if: (a) the individual describes himself or herself, or holds himself or herself out, or permits himself or herself to be described or held out, as a trade marks agent; and (b) the individual is not a registered trade marks attorney, a patent attorney or a lawyer. Penalty: 30 penalty units. Note 1: The Reader's Guide gives information about penalties (see the paragraphs under the subheading Crimes Act 1914). Note 2: For registered trade marks attorney, patent attorney and lawyer see section 6. Companies (3) A company commits an offence if: (a) the company describes itself, or holds itself out, or permits itself to be described or held out, as a trade marks attorney; and (b) the company is not a registered trade marks attorney. Penalty: 150 penalty units. Note 1: The Reader's Guide gives information about penalties (see the paragraphs under the subheading Crimes Act 1914). Note 2: For company and registered trade marks attorney see section 6. (3A) A company commits an offence if the company: (a) the company describes itself, or holds itself out, or permits itself to be described or held out, as a trade marks agent; and (b) the company is not a registered trade marks attorney, a patent attorney or an incorporated legal practice. Penalty: 150 penalty units. Note 1: The Reader's Guide gives information about penalties (see the paragraphs under the subheading Crimes Act 1914). Note 2: For company, registered trade marks attorney, patent attorney and incorporated legal practice see section 6. Note: The heading to section 156 is replaced by the heading "Acting or holding out without being registered". 47 After section 157 Insert: 157A Incorporated trade marks attorney must have a trade marks attorney director Offence—failing to notify lack of trade marks attorney director (1) An incorporated trade marks attorney commits an offence if the incorporated trade marks attorney: (a) does not have a trade marks attorney director; and (b) does not notify the Designated Manager of that within 7 days. Penalty: 150 penalty units. Note 1: The Reader's Guide gives information about penalties (see the paragraphs under the subheading Crimes Act 1914). Note 2: For incorporated trade marks attorney, trade marks attorney director and Designated Manager see section 6. Offence—acting after 7 days without trade marks attorney director (2) An incorporated trade marks attorney commits an offence if the incorporated trade marks attorney: (a) does not have a trade marks attorney director; and (b) has not had a trade marks attorney director during the previous 7 days; and (c) describes itself, or holds itself out, or permits itself to be described or held out, as a trade marks attorney. Penalty: 150 penalty units. Note 1: The Reader's Guide gives information about penalties (see the paragraphs under the subhe